Intermediate Python Programming

Deepen your Python skills with OOP, error handling, file I/O, generators, decorators, unit testing, and professional tooling practices.

Intermediate5 Weeks10 Lessons124 124 sourcesNuniversity
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Course Content

  1. 01Classes and Objects
  2. 02Inheritance and Polymorphism
  3. 03Exceptions and Error Handling
  4. 04File Handling and I/O
  5. 05Comprehensions and Generators
  6. 06Decorators and Context Managers
  7. 07The Python Standard Library
  8. 08Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management
  9. 09Unit Testing
  10. 10Debugging and Profiling

Lessons: 10 · 5 Weeks

Sources and references

124

124 sources across 10 lessons

  1. Classes, Python 3.15 tutorialPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects, Inheritance and Polymorphism

  2. Data model, Python 3.15 referencePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects, Inheritance and Polymorphism

  3. Built-in functions, Python 3.15 library referencePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects

  4. functools, Higher-order functions and operations on callable objectsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects, Decorators and Context Managers, The Python Standard Library

  5. dataclasses, Python 3.15 library referencePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects

  6. PEP 557, Data ClassesPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects

  7. Pydantic overviewPydantic

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects

  8. PEP 428, The pathlib modulePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects, Inheritance and Polymorphism

  9. Model instance reference, Django documentationDjango Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects

  10. PEP 814, Add frozendict built-in typePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects, The Python Standard Library

  11. Python 3.15 documentationPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects, Inheritance and Polymorphism, Exceptions and Error Handling, File Handling and I/O, Comprehensions and Generators, Decorators and Context Managers, Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management, Unit Testing, Debugging and Profiling

  12. Status of Python versionsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects

  13. PEP 661, Sentinel ValuesPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects, The Python Standard Library

  14. What's New In Python 3.15Python Software Foundation

    Published 2026-10-09 · Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Classes and Objects, Debugging and Profiling

  15. PEP 698, Override Decorator for Static TypingPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Inheritance and Polymorphism

  16. The Python 2.3 Method Resolution OrderPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Inheritance and Polymorphism

  17. abc, Abstract Base Classes, Python 3.15 library referencePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Inheritance and Polymorphism

  18. PEP 544, Protocols: Structural subtypingPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Inheritance and Polymorphism

  19. Using mixins with class-based views, Django documentationDjango Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Inheritance and Polymorphism

  20. typing, Support for type hints, Python 3.15 library referencePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Inheritance and Polymorphism

  21. Built-in Exceptions, Python 3.15 library referencePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Exceptions and Error Handling

  22. Errors and Exceptions, Python 3.15 tutorialPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Exceptions and Error Handling

  23. PEP 765, Disallow return, break and continue that exit a finally blockPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Exceptions and Error Handling

  24. traceback, Print or retrieve a stack tracebackPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Exceptions and Error Handling, Debugging and Profiling

  25. logging, Logging facility for PythonPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Exceptions and Error Handling, Debugging and Profiling

  26. PEP 678, Enriching Exceptions with NotesPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Exceptions and Error Handling

  27. PEP 654, Exception Groups and except*Python Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Exceptions and Error Handling

  28. json, JSON encoder and decoderPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Exceptions and Error Handling, File Handling and I/O

  29. subprocess, Subprocess managementPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Exceptions and Error Handling

  30. What's New In Python 3.15Python Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Exceptions and Error Handling, File Handling and I/O, Comprehensions and Generators, Decorators and Context Managers, The Python Standard Library

  31. Built-in functions, open()Python Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: File Handling and I/O

  32. io, Core tools for working with streamsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: File Handling and I/O

  33. PEP 686, Make UTF-8 mode defaultPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: File Handling and I/O

  34. csv, CSV file reading and writingPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: File Handling and I/O

  35. shutil, High-level file operationsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: File Handling and I/O

  36. pathlib, Object-oriented filesystem pathsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: File Handling and I/O, The Python Standard Library

  37. os, Miscellaneous operating system interfacesPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: File Handling and I/O, The Python Standard Library

  38. tempfile, Generate temporary files and directoriesPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: File Handling and I/O

  39. Data Structures, Python 3.15 tutorialPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Comprehensions and Generators

  40. Expressions, Python 3.15 language referencePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Comprehensions and Generators

  41. PEP 255, Simple GeneratorsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Comprehensions and Generators

  42. PEP 380, Syntax for Delegating to a SubgeneratorPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Comprehensions and Generators

  43. PEP 342, Coroutines via Enhanced GeneratorsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Comprehensions and Generators

  44. itertools, Functions creating iterators for efficient loopingPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Comprehensions and Generators, The Python Standard Library

  45. PEP 798, Unpacking in comprehensionsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Comprehensions and Generators

  46. PEP 709, Inlined comprehensionsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Comprehensions and Generators

  47. PEP 479, Change StopIteration handling inside generatorsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Comprehensions and Generators

  48. PEP 318, Decorators for Functions and MethodsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Decorators and Context Managers

  49. inspect, Inspect live objectsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Decorators and Context Managers

  50. Data model, Python 3.15 language referencePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Decorators and Context Managers

  51. PEP 343, The with statementPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Decorators and Context Managers

  52. Compound statements, Python 3.15 language referencePython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Decorators and Context Managers

  53. contextlib, Utilities for with-statement contextsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Decorators and Context Managers

  54. threading, Thread-based parallelismPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-06

    Used in: Decorators and Context Managers

  55. sys, System-specific parameters and functionsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library, Debugging and Profiling

  56. The Python Standard LibraryPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  57. re, Regular expression operationsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  58. collections, Container datatypesPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  59. Python Tutorial: Itertools Module, Iterator Functions for Efficient LoopingYouTube

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  60. datetime, Basic date and time typesPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  61. zoneinfo, IANA time zone supportPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  62. decimal, Decimal fixed-point and floating-point arithmeticPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  63. statistics, Mathematical statistics functionsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  64. tomllib, Parse TOML filesPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  65. sqlite3, DB-API 2.0 interface for SQLite databasesPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  66. graphlib, Functionality to operate with graph-like structuresPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  67. PEP 791, math.integerPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: The Python Standard Library

  68. venv, Creation of virtual environmentsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  69. pip installPython Packaging Authority

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  70. Requirements file formatPython Packaging Authority

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  71. PEP 440, Version Identification and Dependency SpecificationPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  72. PEP 668, Marking Python base environments as externally managedPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  73. PEP 518, Specifying Minimum Build System Requirements for Python ProjectsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  74. PEP 621, Storing project metadata in pyproject.tomlPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  75. pyproject.toml specificationPython Packaging Authority

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  76. PEP 639, Improving License and Copyright DeclarationsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  77. PEP 735, Dependency Groups in pyproject.tomlPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  78. uv 0.13.7 on PyPIPython Package Index

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  79. Working on projects, uv documentationAstral

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  80. uv: The Fastest Way to Install (and Use) PythonYouTube

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  81. Managing Python versions, uv documentationAstral

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  82. Poetry 2.5.1 on PyPIPython Package Index

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  83. Basic usage, Poetry documentationPoetry

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  84. Commands, Poetry documentationPoetry

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  85. Dependency groups, Poetry documentationPoetry

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  86. PEP 751, A file format to record Python dependencies for installation reproducibilityPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  87. Python Packaging User GuidePython Packaging Authority

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  88. Publishing to PyPI with a Trusted PublisherPython Package Index

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  89. Using uv in GitHub ActionsAstral

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  90. pip release notesPython Packaging Authority

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Packaging, Environments and Dependency Management

  91. The Practical Test PyramidMartin Fowler

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  92. unittest, Unit testing frameworkPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  93. pytest documentationpytest development team

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  94. Pytest Tutorial, How to Test Python CodeYouTube

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  95. How to use fixtures, pytest documentationpytest development team

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  96. How to parametrize fixtures and test functions, pytest documentationpytest development team

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  97. Hypothesis documentationHypothesis project

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  98. Mocks Aren't StubsMartin Fowler

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  99. unittest.mock, Mock object libraryPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  100. How to monkeypatch and mock, pytest documentationpytest development team

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  101. Coverage.py documentationCoverage.py project

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  102. pytest 9.2.0 on PyPIPython Package Index

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  103. coverage 7.17.2 on PyPIPython Package Index

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  104. hypothesis 6.170.15 on PyPIPython Package Index

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Unit Testing

  105. logging.config, Configuration functionsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  106. logging.handlers, Logging handlersPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  107. pdb, The Python DebuggerPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  108. What's New In Python 3.14Python Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  109. PEP 768: Safe external debugger interface for CPythonPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  110. Start Python Debugging With pdbYouTube

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  111. faulthandler, Dump the Python tracebackPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  112. Python command line and environmentPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  113. py-spy, Sampling profiler for Python programsGitHub

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  114. timeit, Measure execution time of small code snippetsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  115. profiling, Profiling Python programsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  116. pstats, Statistics for profilersPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  117. snakeviz 2.2.2 on PyPIPython Package Index

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  118. profiling.tracing, Deterministic profilerPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  119. Scalene, CPU, GPU and memory profiler for PythonGitHub

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  120. tracemalloc, Trace memory allocationsPython Software Foundation

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  121. Memray, A memory profiler for PythonGitHub

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  122. py-spy 0.4.3 on PyPIPython Package Index

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  123. scalene 2.4.0 on PyPIPython Package Index

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling

  124. memray 1.20.0 on PyPIPython Package Index

    Accessed 2026-11-07

    Used in: Debugging and Profiling